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🇹🇼 Taiwan

Curated by Vinod Kumar Jain & Amit Jain · All Frontier Global · free, no login · reviewed 2026-07-05

Night markets, marble gorges and mountain tea

Capital
Taipei
Currency
New Taiwan dollar (TWD)
Population
23,900,000
Languages
Mandarin Chinese
Region
Asia
Drives on
right
Plugs
A, B
Voltage
110V / 60Hz
Emergency
110

Facts & figures

Official figures, each with its source and the date it was read — the key-facts panel above is rounded and undated.

Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) quotes the New Taiwan dollar (NT$) at NT$31.854 to the US dollar (closing rate, 24 August 2026) — Currency confirmed as the New Taiwan dollar via this live quote; World Bank publishes no Taiwan country series (per this run's brief) so no WB-sourced currency/income-group metadata was available to cross-check against.

Foreign exchange reserves approximately US$594.27 billion as of end-July 2026

Monetary aggregate M2 grew 7.42% year-on-year, reading dated 24 August 2026

Sourced notes — every figure above, with where it was read and when.

  1. NT$31.854 = US$1 — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24
  2. US$594.27 billion — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24
  3. 7.42% — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24

Trade & FTA

Trade agreements (7): Taiwan has an ECFA framework with mainland China and FTAs with New Zealand and Singapore, and seeks CPTPP entry; there is no India FTA, though bilateral tech and semiconductor trade is growing rapidly.

Passport strength: visa-free/VOA to ~145 destinations. Strong global visa-free network; excellent passport power.

India × Taiwan hub ↗ All countries factsheet

Visas & entry

Indian passport holders can apply for Taiwan's online Travel Authorization Certificate (or an e-visa), often available free to eligible travellers for stays up to 30 days. Many Western nationals enjoy visa-free entry for up to 90 days.

e-Visa: yes · Visa on arrival: Varies by nationality

Getting around

Taipei's excellent MRT metro and the island-spanning High Speed Rail (HSR) make getting around easy; tap an EasyCard on metro, buses and trains, and use Uber or Taiwan Taxi in cities.

Car vs taxi: You rarely need a car given the superb MRT and HSR; in cities, Uber and metered taxis are cheap, while a rental or scooter suits exploring the east coast and Taroko Gorge.

Money, SIM & tipping

Money: The New Taiwan dollar (TWD) is the currency; cards and mobile pay work in cities, but carry cash for night markets, temples and smaller towns.

SIM & data: Buy a Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan Mobile or FarEasTone tourist SIM at Taoyuan Airport with your passport; unlimited-data tourist plans are cheap and eSIMs are widely available.

Tipping: Tipping is not customary in Taiwan; a 10 percent service charge is added at upscale restaurants and hotels, and staff do not expect extra gratuities.

Culture & language

Etiquette: Taiwanese are polite and orderly; queue neatly, keep quiet on the MRT (where eating and drinking are banned), and use both hands to give and receive name cards or gifts.

Food: Dive into night-market culture with beef noodle soup, xiao long bao dumplings, gua bao, stinky tofu, oyster omelettes and bubble tea, which originated here.

Say hello: Mandarin — “Nǐ hǎo” · thanks “Xièxie” · how much? “Duōshǎo qián?”

Safety & emergency

Taiwan is one of Asia's safest places with very low crime and helpful locals; the main natural hazards are typhoons (summer to autumn) and earthquakes.

Emergency
110
Police
110
Ambulance
119
Fire
119

Living, nomad & costs

For nomads: Taipei is major Asian digital nomad hub with excellent coworking, vibrant scene, and high quality of life.

Education: Excellent international schools; university education affordable compared to West.

Healthcare: World-class healthcare system; affordable public and private options.

Good to know (legal)

Cities we cover (5)

TaipeiTaroko GorgeTainanJiufenHualien

Taipei — Buzzing capital of markets and temples

Places Taipei 101 (Skyscraper) · Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall (Historic monument) · Shilin Night Market (Night market)

Taroko Gorge — Taiwan's marble canyon

Places Taroko Gorge Road (Scenic route) · Shakadang Trail (Hiking trail) · Eternal Spring Shrine (Landmark)

Tainan — Taiwan's historic old capital

Places Anping Old Fort (Fort Zeelandia) (Historic fort) · Anping Old Street (Historic district) · Confucius Temple (Temple)

Jiufen — Old street, teahouses, night markets

Places Jiufen Old Street (Historic Alley) · Jiufen Tea Houses (Cultural Venue) · Shifen Waterfall (Natural Waterfall)

Hualien — Coastal raw beauty where mountains plunge into the Pacific with storm-carved cliffs

Places Qingshui Cliffs (Viewpoint) · Buyan Waterfall (National Park) · Hualien Castle Rock (Qili Cliff) (Historic Site)

City notes from Amit's own travels — the interactive travelogue holds the full record

Trade deep-dive

TSMC Foundry-Monopoly Framework (~60% Global): Taiwan TSMC foundry-monopoly framework (~60% global semiconductor foundry market · world's 7th-largest company by market-cap) anchors Indian-PLI emerging cluster + Tata-PSMC Dholera fab.

tsmc-foundry-monopoly

Taiwanese TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company · ~60% global semiconductor foundry market · ~$700B+ market-cap 2024 · 3nm/5nm leading-edge nodes · 80%+ leading-edge global) + UMC + Foxconn anchors global semiconductor framework. Tata-PSMC Dholera 50K wafer/month 28nm fab announced 2024-25 + Indian-PLI semiconductor framework.

India implication: Indian PLI semiconductor framework (Tata-PSMC Dholera 28nm fab + CG Power Sanand OSAT + Micron Sanand · 2024-25 announcements) + Indian-corporate Hsinchu-cluster cooperation + Quad framework.

Outlook: Taiwan TSMC foundry-monopoly framework strategic deepening through 2030; Tata-PSMC Dholera + Indian-PLI cluster expansion.

Bloc — APEC: Taiwan is APEC member (joined 1991 as "Chinese Taipei"); APEC framework + Quad Critical & Emerging Technology adjacency anchors TSMC-Tata-PSMC cooperation.

Taiwan APEC member (joined 1991 as "Chinese Taipei" · with mainland-China + Hong Kong joining same year). APEC framework (founded 1989 · 21 member-economies · ~60% global GDP) + WTO membership + Quad Critical & Emerging Technology framework adjacency. India APEC non-member (observer-status framework).

India: India accesses APEC framework via Quad framework adjacency + bilateral Taiwan framework + Tata-PSMC Dholera 28nm fab cooperation + Indian-PLI semiconductor framework.

Product — HS Electrical Machinery (Semiconductors): Taiwan HS-85 electrical-machinery framework (TSMC + Foxconn + UMC · ~60% global semiconductor foundry) anchors emerging Indian-PLI + Tata-PSMC Dholera fab.

HS-85 covers electronics + electrical-machinery. Taiwanese semiconductor-cluster (Hsinchu + Tainan · TSMC ~60% global foundry market · UMC + ASE + MediaTek + Foxconn) + electronics-cluster anchors global semiconductor framework. Tata-PSMC Dholera 50K wafer/month 28nm fab announced 2024-25 + Indian-PLI semiconductor framework + Quad framework adjacency.

India position: Indian PLI semiconductor framework (Tata-PSMC Dholera 28nm fab + CG Power Sanand OSAT + Micron Sanand · 2024-25 announcements) + Indian-corporate Hsinchu-cluster cooperation + APEC framework adjacency.

Sector — Semiconductors + Foundry Cluster: Taiwan semiconductors framework (TSMC + UMC + Foxconn) anchors Indian-PLI semiconductor cluster + emerging Tata-PSMC Dholera fab + 28nm cooperation.

India’s role: Indian PLI semiconductor framework (Tata-PSMC Dholera 28nm fab + CG Power Sanand OSAT + Micron Sanand · 2024-25 announcements) + Indian-corporate Hsinchu-cluster cooperation + Quad framework.

Taiwanese semiconductor-cluster (Hsinchu + Tainan · TSMC ~60% global foundry market + UMC + ASE + MediaTek + Foxconn) anchors global semiconductor framework. Tata-PSMC Dholera 50K wafer/month 28nm fab announced 2024 + emerging Indian-PLI semiconductor framework.

Product — Bicycle & Precision Machinery Manufacturing: Taiwan's central region, anchored around Taichung, hosts a substantial bicycle and precision-machine-tool manufacturing cluster, structurally distinct from the semiconductor-foundry industry for which the island is more widely known. This machinery sector reflects decades of accumulated precision-engineering and component-supply-chain expertise.

Future vector — Regional Supply-Chain Diversification: Taiwan's manufacturing base frames a future-vector theme of extending trade and investment ties toward Southeast and South Asian markets, diversifying beyond the island's concentrated semiconductor-export relationships. This structural direction reflects a broader effort to spread supply-chain exposure across a wider set of regional partners.

Frequently asked

Do Indian passport holders need a visa for Taiwan?

Indian passport holders can apply for Taiwan's online Travel Authorization Certificate (or an e-visa), often available free to eligible travellers for stays up to 30 days. Many Western nationals enjoy visa-free entry for up to 90 days.

What currency does Taiwan use?

Taiwan uses the New Taiwan dollar (TWD). Capital: Taipei.

What trade agreements does Taiwan have?

Taiwan has an ECFA framework with mainland China and FTAs with New Zealand and Singapore, and seeks CPTPP entry; there is no India FTA, though bilateral tech and semiconductor trade is growing rapidly.

Is Taiwan safe for travellers?

Taiwan is one of Asia's safest places with very low crime and helpful locals; the main natural hazards are typhoons (summer to autumn) and earthquakes.

What currency does Taiwan use, and what is its exchange rate against the US dollar?

Taiwan uses the New Taiwan dollar (NT$). Per the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan), the closing exchange rate was NT$31.854 to the US dollar on 24 August 2026.

How large are Taiwan's foreign exchange reserves?

Taiwan's foreign exchange reserves stood at approximately US$594.27 billion as of end-July 2026, per the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan).

How fast is Taiwan's money supply growing?

Taiwan's M2 monetary aggregate grew 7.42% year-on-year, per a reading dated 24 August 2026 from the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan).

Sourced notes — every figure above, with where it was read and when.

  1. What currency does Taiwan use, and what is its exchange rate against the US dollar? — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24
  2. How large are Taiwan's foreign exchange reserves? — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24
  3. How fast is Taiwan's money supply growing? — Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (CBC) · accessed 2026-08-24

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