Logistics
Transportation of goods using more than one mode of transport under a single contract.
The most recent attempt at a uniform regime is the Rotterdam Rules, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 11 December 2008, which UNCITRAL describes as establishing “a uniform and modern legal regime governing the rights and obligations of shippers, carriers and consignees under a contract for door-to-door carriage that includes an international sea leg”. The phrase door-to-door… with an international sea leg is precisely the multimodal problem: liability that used to stop at the ship’s rail has to run across road and rail too.
A convention’s existence is not the same as its force: carriage is still governed in most trades by older sea-carriage regimes and by the contract, so check what the bill of lading incorporates and which conventions the countries involved apply.
From the AJG lexicon archive (July 2026).
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Compiled reference — verify current specifics at the source.
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