Ports directory 592 rows

Name: AllFrontierGlobal ports directory
Creator: All Frontier Global

Compiled from the AllFrontierGlobal data layer · verified 5 August 2026

A directory of the AllFrontierGlobal port dataset: every port slug the site tracks, run through the site’s own 62-rule geographic classifier (country, region, sea and shipping-route class), plus a small set of hand-authored deep-dive port profiles with real throughput and hinterland detail. This replaces what used to be thousands of thin, single-port pages with one sortable, filterable table.

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All classified ports 568 rows

568 port slugs classified by the site’s regex-based geo-classifier — 568 rows read from ports/geo_classification.json. “Classifier match” = No means no rule in the 62-row table matched that slug’s prefix, so country/region/sea are blank by design, not omitted.

Port	Country / area	Region	Continent	Sea / waterway	Route class	Classifier match
A Coruna	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Aarhus	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Abadan	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Abbot Point	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Abidjan	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Acajutla	—	—	—	—	—	No
Adelaide	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Aden	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Agadir	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Akita	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Aktau	Caspian Sea region	Caspian basin	Asia	Caspian Sea	Caspian intra-regional and transit routes	Yes
Albany	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Alexandria	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Algiers	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Almeria	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Altamira	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Ambon	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Amsterdam	NW Europe	Hamburg-Le Havre range	Europe	North Sea / English Channel	Asia-Europe and trans-Atlantic mainline routes	Yes
Anaklia	Georgia	Black Sea coast of Georgia	Asia	Black Sea	Black Sea routes and onward connections via Bosphorus	Yes
Anapa	—	—	—	—	—	No
Anchorage	—	—	—	—	—	No
Ancona	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Angra Dos Reis	—	—	—	—	—	No
Annaba	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Antofagasta	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Antsiranana Diego Suarez	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Anzali	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Apia	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Aqaba	Jordan	Gulf of Aqaba / Red Sea	Asia	Red Sea	Red Sea routes and onward to Jordan / Iraq overland	Yes
Arzew	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Asaluyeh	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Ash Shihr	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Ashdod	Israel	Eastern Mediterranean	Asia	Eastern Mediterranean	east-west mainline and Mediterranean intra-regional routes	Yes
Assab	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Asuncion	Southern South America	River Plate / South Atlantic	South America	Río de la Plata / South Atlantic Ocean	intra-Mercosur and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Auckland	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Augusta	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Aveiro	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Aviles	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Bahia Blanca	Southern South America	River Plate / South Atlantic	South America	Río de la Plata / South Atlantic Ocean	intra-Mercosur and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Bahia Solano	—	—	—	—	—	No
Bahrain Khalifa Bin Salman	Bahrain	Persian Gulf	Asia	Persian Gulf	intra-Gulf and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Baku	Caspian Sea region	Caspian basin	Asia	Caspian Sea	Caspian intra-regional and transit routes	Yes
Balboa Panama	Panama	Panama Canal Zone	North America	Caribbean / Pacific / Panama Canal	inter-oceanic transhipment and intra-Americas services	Yes
Balikpapan	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Baltimore	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Banana	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Bandar Abbas	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Bangkok Khlong Toei	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea	Asia	Gulf of Thailand / Andaman Sea	intra-SEA feeder and ASEAN-China bilateral routes	Yes
Banjarmasin	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Banjul	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Bar	Adriatic	Adriatic Sea	Europe	Adriatic Sea	Adriatic intra-regional and Mediterranean feeder services	Yes
Barcelona	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Bari	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Barranquilla	Adriatic	Adriatic Sea	Europe	Adriatic Sea	Adriatic intra-regional and Mediterranean feeder services	Yes
Basseterre	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Bata	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Batangas	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Batumi	Georgia	Black Sea coast of Georgia	Asia	Black Sea	Black Sea routes and onward connections via Bosphorus	Yes
Beaumont	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Beihai	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Beira	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Beirut	Lebanon	Eastern Mediterranean / Levant	Asia	Eastern Mediterranean	eastern Mediterranean routes	Yes
Bejaia	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Bel M	—	—	—	—	—	No
Belawan Medan	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Belize City	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Benghazi	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Benha	—	—	—	—	—	No
Benoa Bali	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Berbera	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Berdiansk	—	—	—	—	—	No
Bergen	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Big Creek	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Bilbao	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Bintulu	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Bissau	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Bitung	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Bluff	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Boma	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Bossaso	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Boston	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Bremerhaven	NW Europe	Hamburg-Le Havre range	Europe	North Sea / English Channel	Asia-Europe and trans-Atlantic mainline routes	Yes
Bridgetown	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Brindisi	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Brisbane	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Buenaventura	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Buenos Aires	Southern South America	River Plate / South Atlantic	South America	Río de la Plata / South Atlantic Ocean	intra-Mercosur and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Buffalo	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Bunbury	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Burgas	Black Sea EU	Black Sea / Bulgarian-Romanian coast	Europe	Black Sea	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and intra-Black-Sea services	Yes
Burnie	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Bushehr	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Cabinda	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Cagayan De Oro	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Cagliari	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Cai Mep Vung Tau	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Cairns	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Caldera Costa Rica	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Callao	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Cam Ranh	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Cape Town	Southern Africa	Atlantic / Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Indian Ocean	Cape of Good Hope routes between Asia/Middle East and Atlantic destinations	Yes
Cartagena Colombia	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Cartagena Spain	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Casablanca	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Castellon	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Castries	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Catania	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Caucedo Dr	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Cebu	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Chabahar Shahid Beheshti	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Chacabuco	—	—	—	—	—	No
Charleston	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Chennai	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Chittagong	Bangladesh	Bay of Bengal	Asia	Bay of Bengal	feeder services to Singapore and Sri Lanka	Yes
Chornomorsk Illichivsk	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Civitavecchia	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Cleveland Ohio	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Coatzacoalcos	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Cochin	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Coega Ngqura	Southern Africa	Atlantic / Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Indian Ocean	Cape of Good Hope routes between Asia/Middle East and Atlantic destinations	Yes
Colon Panama	Panama	Panama Canal Zone	North America	Caribbean / Pacific / Panama Canal	inter-oceanic transhipment and intra-Americas services	Yes
Conakry	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Concepcion Lirquen	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Constanta	Black Sea EU	Black Sea / Bulgarian-Romanian coast	Europe	Black Sea	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and intra-Black-Sea services	Yes
Copenhagen	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Coquimbo	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Corinto	—	—	—	—	—	No
Corpus Christi	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Cotonou	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Da Nang	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Dahej	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Dakar	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Dakhla	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Damietta	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Dampier	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Dar Es Salaam	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Darwin	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Davao	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Detroit	—	—	—	—	—	No
Devonport Tas	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Dhamra	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Dighi	—	—	—	—	—	No
Djibouti	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Dongguan	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Donghae	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Douala	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Duluth Superior	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Dumai	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Dunkerque	France	French ports	Europe	North Sea / Atlantic / Mediterranean	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Ehoala	—	—	—	—	—	No
Ennore	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Ensenada	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Esperance	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Everett	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Faro	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Felixstowe	United Kingdom	UK ports	Europe	North Sea / English Channel / Irish Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and trans-Atlantic feeder services	Yes
Figueira Da Foz	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Fort De France	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Fortaleza	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Foshan	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Freeport	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Freetown	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Fremantle Perth	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Fujairah	UAE	Persian Gulf / Strait of Hormuz	Asia	Persian Gulf / Arabian Sea	East-West mainline routes	Yes
Funchal	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Fuzhou	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Gabes	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Galveston	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Garoua	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Gdansk	Poland	Baltic Sea	Europe	Baltic Sea	Baltic mainline and intra-EU services	Yes
Gdynia	Poland	Baltic Sea	Europe	Baltic Sea	Baltic mainline and intra-EU services	Yes
Geelong	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Genoa	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Georgetown	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Geraldton	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Gijon	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Gioia Tauro	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Gladstone	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Gopalpur	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Goteborg	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Guangzhou	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Guayaquil	—	—	—	—	—	No
Guaymas	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Gulfport	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Gunsan	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Gwadar	Pakistan	Pakistan coastal corridor	Asia	Arabian Sea	Asia-Europe Suez routes and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Haifa	Israel	Eastern Mediterranean	Asia	Eastern Mediterranean	east-west mainline and Mediterranean intra-regional routes	Yes
Haiphong	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Hakata	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Haldia	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Halifax	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Hamad Doha	Qatar	Persian Gulf	Asia	Persian Gulf	intra-Gulf and Gulf-Asia feeder services and LNG export routes	Yes
Hambantota	Sri Lanka	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal	Asia	Indian Ocean	east-west mainline transhipment	Yes
Hamilton Ontario	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Havana	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Hay Point	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Hazira	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Hazira Adani	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Helsinki	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Hiroshima	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Ho Chi Minh City	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Hobart	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Hodeidah	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Hong Kong Kwai Tsing	Hong Kong / Macau	Pearl River Delta	Asia	South China Sea	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Honiara	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Honolulu	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Houston	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Hualien	Taiwan	Taiwan Strait region	Asia	Taiwan Strait / South China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Hueneme	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Hurghada	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Iloilo	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Imam Khomeini	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Imbituba	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Incheon	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Inhambane	—	—	—	—	—	No
Iquique	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Itajai	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Itapoa	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Itaqui	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Izmail	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Jacksonville	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Jaigarh	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Jayapura	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Jeddah Islamic	Saudi Arabia	Red Sea or Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia	Asia	Red Sea / Persian Gulf	east-west routes through the Red Sea and Suez plus Gulf-Asia bilateral trade	Yes
Jorf Lasfar	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Kakinada	—	—	—	—	—	No
Kaliningrad	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Kandla	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Kaohsiung	Taiwan	Taiwan Strait region	Asia	Taiwan Strait / South China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Karachi	Pakistan	Pakistan coastal corridor	Asia	Arabian Sea	Asia-Europe Suez routes and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Karaikal	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Karumba	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Kattupalli	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Keelung	Taiwan	Taiwan Strait region	Asia	Taiwan Strait / South China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Khalifa Abu Dhabi	UAE	Persian Gulf / Strait of Hormuz	Asia	Persian Gulf / Arabian Sea	East-West mainline routes	Yes
Kherson	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Khoms	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
King Abdulaziz Dammam	Saudi Arabia	Red Sea or Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia	Asia	Red Sea / Persian Gulf	east-west routes through the Red Sea and Suez plus Gulf-Asia bilateral trade	Yes
King Abdullah Kaec	Saudi Arabia	Red Sea or Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia	Asia	Red Sea / Persian Gulf	east-west routes through the Red Sea and Suez plus Gulf-Asia bilateral trade	Yes
Kingston	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Kish Island	Iran	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Asia	Persian Gulf / Caspian Sea	Iran-bound trade and onward connections via Iran to Central Asia	Yes
Kismayo	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Kitakyushu	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Klaipeda	Baltic states	Baltic Sea	Europe	Baltic Sea	Baltic mainline and intra-EU services	Yes
Kobe	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Kolkata	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Koper	Adriatic	Adriatic Sea	Europe	Adriatic Sea	Adriatic intra-regional and Mediterranean feeder services	Yes
Kota Kinabalu	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Kribi	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Krishnapatnam	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Kuantan	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Kuching	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Kushiro	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
La Guaira	—	—	—	—	—	No
La Spezia	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
La Union	—	—	—	—	—	No
Laayoune	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Labuan	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Lach Huyen	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Lae	—	—	—	—	—	No
Lagos Apapa	Nigeria	Gulf of Guinea / West African coast	Africa	Gulf of Guinea / Atlantic Ocean	West Africa-Europe and West Africa-Asia routes	Yes
Lake Charles	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Lamu	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Las Palmas	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Latakia	Syria	Eastern Mediterranean	Asia	Eastern Mediterranean	eastern Mediterranean routes	Yes
Lazaro Cardenas	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Le Havre	France	French ports	Europe	North Sea / Atlantic / Mediterranean	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Leixoes Porto	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Lekki Deep Sea	Nigeria	Gulf of Guinea / West African coast	Africa	Gulf of Guinea / Atlantic Ocean	West Africa-Europe and West Africa-Asia routes	Yes
Lianyungang	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Libreville Owendo	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Limbe	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Limon Costa Rica	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Lisbon	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Liverpool	United Kingdom	UK ports	Europe	North Sea / English Channel / Irish Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and trans-Atlantic feeder services	Yes
Livorno	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Lobito	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Lome	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
London Gateway	United Kingdom	UK ports	Europe	North Sea / English Channel / Irish Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and trans-Atlantic feeder services	Yes
Long Beach Extended	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Luanda	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Lubango	—	—	—	—	—	No
Lyttelton	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Macau	Hong Kong / Macau	Pearl River Delta	Asia	South China Sea	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Mackay	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Magdalla Surat	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Mahajanga	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Maizuru	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Makassar Soekarno Hatta	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Malabo	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Malaga	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Male	Maldives	Indian Ocean	Asia	Indian Ocean	feeder services to Colombo and Dubai	Yes
Manaus	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Manila	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Manta	—	—	—	—	—	No
Manzanillo	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Manzanillo Panama	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Map Ta Phut	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea	Asia	Gulf of Thailand / Andaman Sea	intra-SEA feeder and ASEAN-China bilateral routes	Yes
Maputo	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Maracaibo	—	—	—	—	—	No
Mariel	—	—	—	—	—	No
Marin Pontevedra	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Mariupol	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Mariupol Extended	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Marseille Fos	France	French ports	Europe	North Sea / Atlantic / Mediterranean	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Massawa	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Massawa Extended	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Matadi	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Matarani	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Mazatlan	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Mehdia Atlantic	—	—	—	—	—	No
Mejillones	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Melbourne	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Miami	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Misurata	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Mobile	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Mogadishu	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Mohammedia	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Moin Costa Rica	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Mokpo	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Mombasa	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Mongla	Bangladesh	Bay of Bengal	Asia	Bay of Bengal	feeder services to Singapore and Sri Lanka	Yes
Monrovia	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Montevideo	Southern South America	River Plate / South Atlantic	South America	Río de la Plata / South Atlantic Ocean	intra-Mercosur and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Montreal	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Mormugao	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Mostaganem	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Mukalla	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Mundra	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Murmansk	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Mykolayiv	—	—	—	—	—	No
Nacala	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Nador	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Nagoya	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Naha	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Namibe	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Napier	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Naples	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Navegantes	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Nelson	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
New Mangalore	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
New Orleans	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
New Plymouth	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
New York New Jersey	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Newcastle Nsw	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Niigata	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Ningbo Zhoushan	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Norfolk Virginia	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Nouakchott	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Noumea	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Novorossiysk	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Nuku Alofa	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Oakland	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Odesa	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Onne	Nigeria	Gulf of Guinea / West African coast	Africa	Gulf of Guinea / Atlantic Ocean	West Africa-Europe and West Africa-Asia routes	Yes
Oran	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Oranjestad	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Osaka	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Oslo	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Padang Teluk Bayur	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Paita	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Palembang	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Palermo	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Papeete	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Paradip	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Paramaribo	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Paranagua	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Pasir Gudang	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Pecem	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Pemba	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Penang	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Philadelphia	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Phuket	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea	Asia	Gulf of Thailand / Andaman Sea	intra-SEA feeder and ASEAN-China bilateral routes	Yes
Picton	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Pipavav	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Pisco	—	—	—	—	—	No
Pohang	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Pointe A Pitre	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Pointe Noire	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Ponta Delgada	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Pontianak	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Port Arthur	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Port Au Prince	—	—	—	—	—	No
Port Elizabeth	Southern Africa	Atlantic / Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Indian Ocean	Cape of Good Hope routes between Asia/Middle East and Atlantic destinations	Yes
Port Gentil	—	—	—	—	—	No
Port Hedland	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Port Klang	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Port Louis	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Port Of Spain	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Port Qasim	Pakistan	Pakistan coastal corridor	Asia	Arabian Sea	Asia-Europe Suez routes and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Port Said	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Port Sudan	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Port Vila	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Portland Oregon	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Poti	Georgia	Black Sea coast of Georgia	Asia	Black Sea	Black Sea routes and onward connections via Bosphorus	Yes
Primorsk	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Prince Rupert	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Progreso	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Puerto Bolivar	—	—	—	—	—	No
Puerto Cabello	—	—	—	—	—	No
Puerto Castilla	—	—	—	—	—	No
Puerto Cortes	—	—	—	—	—	No
Puerto Quetzal	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Puerto Quetzal Extended	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Punta Arenas	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Punta Arenas Extended	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Pyeongtaek	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Qingdao	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Quanzhou	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Quebec City	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Quelimane	—	—	—	—	—	No
Quito Esmeraldas	—	—	—	—	—	No
Quy Nhon	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Ras Tanura	Saudi Arabia	Red Sea or Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia	Asia	Red Sea / Persian Gulf	east-west routes through the Red Sea and Suez plus Gulf-Asia bilateral trade	Yes
Recife	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Reni	Ukraine	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Europe	Black Sea / Sea of Azov	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and onward to global markets	Yes
Reykjavik	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Riga	Baltic states	Baltic Sea	Europe	Baltic Sea	Baltic mainline and intra-EU services	Yes
Rijeka	Adriatic	Adriatic Sea	Europe	Adriatic Sea	Adriatic intra-regional and Mediterranean feeder services	Yes
Rio De Janeiro Itagua	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Rio Grande	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Rizhao	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Rosario	Southern South America	River Plate / South Atlantic	South America	Río de la Plata / South Atlantic Ocean	intra-Mercosur and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Roseau	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Safaga	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Safi	Morocco	Mediterranean / Atlantic Morocco	Africa	Strait of Gibraltar / Atlantic / Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes and Africa-Europe direct services	Yes
Saguenay	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Saint George S	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Saint John	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Saint John S	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Salalah	Oman	Gulf of Oman / Arabian Sea	Asia	Arabian Sea / Gulf of Oman	east-west Suez routes — Salalah is one of the largest container transhipment ports globally	Yes
Salaverry	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Saldanha	Southern Africa	Atlantic / Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Indian Ocean	Cape of Good Hope routes between Asia/Middle East and Atlantic destinations	Yes
Salerno	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Salina Cruz	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Salvador	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Samarinda	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
San Antonio	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
San Diego	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
San Juan	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
San Pedro	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Santa Cruz De Tenerife	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Santa Marta	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Santander	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Santo Domingo	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Santo Tomas De Castilla	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Sanya	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Sao Sebastiao	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Sattahip	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea	Asia	Gulf of Thailand / Andaman Sea	intra-SEA feeder and ASEAN-China bilateral routes	Yes
Savannah	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Seattle	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Semarang Tanjung Emas	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Sendai	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Sept Iles	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Setubal	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Sevastopol	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Sfax	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Shantou	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Sharjah	UAE	Persian Gulf / Strait of Hormuz	Asia	Persian Gulf / Arabian Sea	East-West mainline routes	Yes
Shimonoseki	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Shuaiba	Kuwait	Persian Gulf	Asia	Persian Gulf	intra-Gulf and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Shuwaikh Kuwait	Kuwait	Persian Gulf	Asia	Persian Gulf	intra-Gulf and Gulf-Asia feeder services	Yes
Sihanoukville	—	—	—	—	—	No
Sines	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Skikda	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Sohar	Oman	Gulf of Oman / Arabian Sea	Asia	Arabian Sea / Gulf of Oman	east-west Suez routes — Salalah is one of the largest container transhipment ports globally	Yes
Sokhna	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Sokhna Extended	Egypt	Mediterranean / Red Sea	Africa	Mediterranean / Red Sea / Suez Canal	east-west mainline through the Suez Canal	Yes
Songkhla	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea	Asia	Gulf of Thailand / Andaman Sea	intra-SEA feeder and ASEAN-China bilateral routes	Yes
Sorong	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Sousse	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Southampton	United Kingdom	UK ports	Europe	North Sea / English Channel / Irish Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and trans-Atlantic feeder services	Yes
Soyo	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
St Petersburg	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Stockholm	Nordic Europe	Baltic / North Sea / Atlantic	Europe	Baltic Sea / North Sea / Atlantic Ocean	Nordic intra-regional and trans-Atlantic services	Yes
Stockton	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Suakin	Horn of Africa / Yemen	Gulf of Aden / Bab-el-Mandeb	Africa	Gulf of Aden / Red Sea	east-west Suez routes — chokepoint at Bab-el-Mandeb	Yes
Suape	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Subic Bay	Philippines	Philippine archipelago	Asia	Sulu Sea / Philippine Sea / South China Sea	intra-archipelago routes and Asia-North America feeder services	Yes
Sultan Qaboos Muscat	Oman	Gulf of Oman / Arabian Sea	Asia	Arabian Sea / Gulf of Oman	east-west Suez routes — Salalah is one of the largest container transhipment ports globally	Yes
Surabaya Tanjung Perak	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Suva	Pacific Islands	South Pacific island states	Oceania	South Pacific Ocean	intra-Pacific island routes and feeder services	Yes
Sydney Botany	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Sydney Nova Scotia	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Tacoma	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Tacoma Extended	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Taichung	Taiwan	Taiwan Strait region	Asia	Taiwan Strait / South China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Taipei Taipei Port	Taiwan	Taiwan Strait region	Asia	Taiwan Strait / South China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Takoradi	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Talara	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Talcahuano San Vicente	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Tallinn	Baltic states	Baltic Sea	Europe	Baltic Sea	Baltic mainline and intra-EU services	Yes
Taman	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Tampa	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Tampico	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Tanga	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Tangier Med	—	—	—	—	—	No
Tanjung Pelepas	Malaysia	Southeast Asian maritime region	Asia	Strait of Malacca / South China Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and intra-SEA feeder routes	Yes
Tanjung Priok	Indonesia	Indonesian archipelagic region	Asia	Java Sea / Banda Sea / Makassar Strait	intra-archipelago routes and feeder services	Yes
Taranto	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Tarragona	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Tartus	Syria	Eastern Mediterranean	Asia	Eastern Mediterranean	eastern Mediterranean routes	Yes
Tauranga	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Tauranga Extended	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Tema	West / Central Africa	Atlantic coast of West and Central Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Gulf of Guinea	Africa-Europe routes via Mediterranean transhipment hubs and direct services	Yes
Thessaloniki	Greece	Eastern Mediterranean / Aegean Sea	Europe	Aegean / Eastern Mediterranean	east-west Mediterranean routes	Yes
Thunder Bay	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Tianjin	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Tilbury	United Kingdom	UK ports	Europe	North Sea / English Channel / Irish Sea	Asia-Europe mainline and trans-Atlantic feeder services	Yes
Tin Can Island Lagos	Nigeria	Gulf of Guinea / West African coast	Africa	Gulf of Guinea / Atlantic Ocean	West Africa-Europe and West Africa-Asia routes	Yes
Toamasina	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Tocopilla	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Tokyo	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Toledo	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Toliara	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Tomakomai	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Topolobampo	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Townsville	Australia	Australian coast	Oceania	Coral Sea / Pacific / Indian Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Toyama	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Trieste	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Tripoli	—	—	—	—	—	No
Trois Rivieres	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Tuapse	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Tumaco	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Tunis Rades	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes
Turkmenbashi	Caspian Sea region	Caspian basin	Asia	Caspian Sea	Caspian intra-regional and transit routes	Yes
Tuticorin	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Tuticorin V O C	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Ulsan	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Umm Qasr	Iraq	Shatt al-Arab / northern Persian Gulf	Asia	Persian Gulf	intra-Gulf and onward connections via Iraq	Yes
Ust Luga	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Vado Ligure	Italy	Italian Mediterranean coast	Europe	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean and intra-Mediterranean routes	Yes
Valencia	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Valparaiso	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Vancouver	Canada	Canadian coast / Great Lakes	North America	Atlantic / Pacific / St Lawrence Seaway	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Varna	Black Sea EU	Black Sea / Bulgarian-Romanian coast	Europe	Black Sea	Black Sea routes via Bosphorus and intra-Black-Sea services	Yes
Veracruz	Mexico / Central America	Caribbean / Pacific Mexico	North America	Pacific / Gulf of Mexico / Caribbean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific feeder services	Yes
Victoria	East Africa or Indian Ocean island states	East African coast / Indian Ocean	Africa	Indian Ocean	Asia-Africa bilateral and African intra-coastal routes	Yes
Vigo	Spain	Iberian peninsula	Europe	Mediterranean / Atlantic / Strait of Gibraltar	east-west Mediterranean mainline and Atlantic intra-EU routes	Yes
Vila Do Conde	Portugal	Iberian peninsula / Atlantic islands	Europe	Atlantic Ocean / Mediterranean	east-west Atlantic routes and intra-EU services	Yes
Visakhapatnam	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Vitoria	Brazil	Atlantic coast of Brazil	South America	South Atlantic Ocean	trans-Atlantic and intra-Mercosur services	Yes
Vizhinjam International	India	Indian Ocean rim	Asia	Indian Ocean / Bay of Bengal / Arabian Sea	east-west mainline routes between Asia and Europe and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Vladivostok	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Vostochny	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Vung Ang	Vietnam	Vietnam coastal corridor	Asia	South China Sea / Gulf of Tonkin	trans-Pacific mainline (via Cai Mep) and intra-Asia feeder services	Yes
Vyborg	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Vysotsk	Russia	Russian coast	Europe / Asia	Baltic / Black Sea / Pacific / Arctic	Russian export routes for energy, grain, metals	Yes
Walvis Bay	Southern Africa	Atlantic / Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa	Africa	Atlantic Ocean / Indian Ocean	Cape of Good Hope routes between Asia/Middle East and Atlantic destinations	Yes
Weihai	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Wellington	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Whangarei	New Zealand	New Zealand coast	Oceania	Tasman Sea / South Pacific Ocean	trans-Pacific and Asia-Oceania routes	Yes
Wilhelmshaven	NW Europe	Hamburg-Le Havre range	Europe	North Sea / English Channel	Asia-Europe and trans-Atlantic mainline routes	Yes
Willemstad	Caribbean / Latin America	Caribbean / Pacific Latin America	Americas	Caribbean Sea / Pacific Ocean / Atlantic Ocean	intra-Americas and trans-Pacific routes	Yes
Wilmington De	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Wilmington Nc	USA	US coast	North America	Atlantic / Gulf of Mexico / Pacific Ocean / Great Lakes	trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic routes	Yes
Yanbu	Saudi Arabia	Red Sea or Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia	Asia	Red Sea / Persian Gulf	east-west routes through the Red Sea and Suez plus Gulf-Asia bilateral trade	Yes
Yangon	—	—	—	—	—	No
Yantai	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Yeosu Gwangyang	South Korea	Korean Peninsula	Asia	East Sea / Yellow Sea / Korea Strait	trans-Pacific and Asia-Europe mainline routes	Yes
Yokohama	Japan	Japanese archipelago	Asia	Pacific Ocean / Sea of Japan / East China Sea	trans-Pacific mainline and intra-Asia routes	Yes
Yuzhny	—	—	—	—	—	No
Zarqa Aqaba Extended	—	—	—	—	—	No
Zeebrugge	NW Europe	Hamburg-Le Havre range	Europe	North Sea / English Channel	Asia-Europe and trans-Atlantic mainline routes	Yes
Zhanjiang	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Zhuhai Gaolan	China	East China / South China region	Asia	East China Sea / South China Sea / Yellow Sea	Asia-Europe and trans-Pacific mainline routes	Yes
Zuwarah	North Africa	Mediterranean coast of North Africa	Africa	Mediterranean Sea	east-west Mediterranean routes and intra-Mediterranean services	Yes

Hand-authored deep-dive profiles 24 rows

24 hand-authored profiles from ports/handwritten.json (source: data/handwritten-deepdive.php + extended). Real, specific facts — not templated.

Port	Lede	India angle
Algeciras	Spain's largest port and the principal Mediterranean transhipment hub for the western Mediterranean and the African Atlantic coast.	For Indian exporters, Algeciras is reachable via direct or transhipment services. Indian goods bound for the western Mediterranean (Spain, Portugal, southern France, Italy, Algeria, Morocco and the West African coast) commonly tranship at Algeciras for delivery on shorter feeder services.
Antwerp	Europe's second-largest port, located on the Scheldt estuary in Belgium, and the European centre for chemicals, steel and breakbulk in addition to substantial container traffic.	For Indian exporters, Antwerp is a major European destination, particularly for cargo bound for Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, and southwestern Germany. Antwerp's strength in chemicals makes it especially attractive for Indian chemical and pharmaceutical exporters. Direct services from JNPA and Mundra run weekly with transit times typically 22-28 days, comparable to Rotterdam.
Busan	South Korea's principal container port and one of the world's top ten by throughput, serving as a major Northeast Asian transhipment hub.	For Indian exporters, Busan is the principal Korean destination. Direct services from JNPA and Mundra run weekly with transit times typically 18-25 days. India-Korea trade is supported by the India-Korea Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), in force since January 2010, which provides substantial preferential tariff treatment for qualifying Indian and Korean goods. Indian exports to Korea include petroleum products, organic chemicals, iron ore, aluminium, and engineering products. Korean exports to India include automotive components, steel, electronics, machinery and chemicals.
Colombo	Sri Lanka's principal port and the dominant transhipment hub for the Indian subcontinent, handling much of the cargo destined for or originating in India's east coast and the Bangladesh trade.	For Indian exporters and importers, Colombo is the most-used transhipment hub for India's east coast trade. Cargo bound for or originating in Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Krishnapatnam, Tuticorin or Cochin commonly tranships at Colombo onto larger mainline vessels for the Asia-Europe, trans-Pacific or Far East-Mediterranean routes. The India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement (in force since 2000) provides preferential tariff treatment, although bilateral trade volumes are dominated by Indian exports of petroleum, vehicles and parts, pharmaceuticals and food products.
Durban	Sub-Saharan Africa's largest port and the principal container gateway for South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana and the inland Southern African market.	For Indian exporters, Durban is the principal Southern African destination. Direct services from JNPA and Mundra run weekly with transit time approximately 14-20 days. India-South Africa trade is supported by the SACU (Southern African Customs Union) Preferential Trade Agreement framework. Indian exports include pharmaceuticals, vehicles and parts, machinery, organic chemicals, and processed foods. Indian imports from South Africa include coal, gold-bearing ores, manganese ores, ferro-alloys and chrome.
Gwadar	The terminus of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, a Chinese-leased deepwater port on the Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan's Balochistan province, conceived as a strategic alternative to the Strait of Malacca for energy and bulk flows from the Persian Gulf to western China.	For Indian commercial interests, Gwadar is structurally a non-trade port — the India-Pakistan trade relationship is overwhelmingly conducted on a sanctions-and-restriction basis since 2019, with land-border crossings at Wagah-Attari and Munabao-Khokrapar carrying minimal commercial traffic and no direct India-Pakistan maritime services operating. Indian exposure to Gwadar is therefore strategic rather than commercial: Indian observers track CPEC progress, Gwadar's expansion timelines, and the question of whether Gwadar will eventually achieve the throughput scale that would justify a structural rebalancing of Indian Ocean maritime patterns. The Indian Navy maintains close surveillance of Gwadar via overhead and maritime ISR. India's direct maritime-trade alternative, where it needs Persian-Gulf-adjacent infrastructure, is Chabahar in Iran (developed under an Indian concession), which provides a non-Pakistani route to Afghan and Central Asian markets. Indian shippers carrying Iranian cargo also use Bandar Abbas. Gwadar will not appear on Indian shippers' route options unless and until the bilateral relationship shifts substantially.
Hambantota	Sri Lanka's southern deepwater port, leased to a Chinese consortium for 99 years following Sri Lanka's 2017 debt restructuring, occupying a strategically central position on the Indian Ocean east-west shipping corridor.	For Indian shippers, Hambantota does not feature in routine commercial routing — Colombo handles essentially all Indian transhipment traffic via Sri Lanka, and direct Indian-port mainline services bypass Sri Lanka entirely on most rotations. Indian-Sri Lankan bilateral trade flows through Colombo (India-Sri Lanka Bilateral Air, container services, vehicle ferries) rather than Hambantota. The Indian strategic interest in Hambantota is observational rather than commercial: Indian Navy, Coast Guard and intelligence services maintain awareness of Chinese activity at the port, and Indian trade policy in the Indian Ocean is informed by the existence of long-duration Chinese commercial control over a strategic facility within India's near-abroad maritime space. India's structural response has been (1) the Adani West Container Terminal at Colombo (operational from 2024) which provides Indian-promoter terminal capacity at the main Sri Lankan transhipment hub, and (2) wider Indian Ocean maritime infrastructure cooperation including with Mauritius, Seychelles, Maldives, and African Indian Ocean rim states. Hambantota itself remains a low-traffic destination for Indian commercial cargo.
Hamburg	Germany's largest port and the third-largest container port in Europe, located 110 kilometres up the River Elbe from the North Sea.	For Indian exporters, Hamburg is the principal Northern European destination for goods bound for Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Poland and Eastern Europe. Direct services from JNPA and Mundra run weekly with transit times typically 22-28 days, comparable to Rotterdam. Hamburg's rail hinterland is strong for shipments going east of Germany; for shipments going to France, Belgium or the Netherlands, Rotterdam or Antwerp are usually more efficient.
Hong Kong	Historically Asia's premier transhipment hub, retaining a substantial role in South China and Pearl River Delta container flows despite competition from Shenzhen and Guangzhou.	For Indian exporters, Hong Kong is reachable via direct or transhipment services typically 12-18 days from JNPA. Hong Kong is more important as a financial and re-export hub than as an end-market destination — many Indian exporters consign to Hong Kong for onward distribution to mainland China, Vietnam, Cambodia and the Philippines.
Jawaharlal Nehru Nhava Sheva	India's premier container port, located in Navi Mumbai across the harbour from the city of Mumbai, handling roughly half of India's containerised foreign trade.	For Indian exporters and importers, JNPA is the default container port for Western, Central and Northern India. Inland transport to and from JNPA is primarily by road for shorter distances and by rail for the long-haul interior routes (Delhi NCR, Punjab, Western UP, Rajasthan). The DFC has dramatically improved transit predictability for the Delhi-JNPA corridor. Most major Indian banks operate at JNPA for letter of credit and bank-guarantee facilitation. JNPA accepts the full range of standard Incoterms and is well-suited to FOB, CIF and CFR-style transactions. The port's integration with India's national Single Window — ICEGATE — means most regulatory clearances can be filed and tracked online.
Jebel Ali Dubai	The Middle East's busiest container port, the gateway to the Jebel Ali Free Zone, and the operational heart of DP World's global terminal network.	For Indian exporters and importers, Jebel Ali is the principal Middle East gateway. Direct services run from JNPA, Mundra, Chennai and Cochin, typically 4-7 day transit. The India-UAE Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA), in force since May 2022, provides preferential tariff treatment for the vast majority of goods traded bilaterally, with phased reduction to zero on most categories. Indian re-exporters frequently establish JAFZA presence to serve the broader GCC, Africa and CIS markets from a tax-efficient base. Indian banks have substantial Dubai presence to support trade finance and remittance flows.
Jeddah	Saudi Arabia's principal Red Sea gateway and the largest port on the Red Sea, anchoring the kingdom's Vision 2030 logistics strategy and serving as the natural mainline interchange between Europe-bound and Asia-bound flows.	For Indian exporters, Jeddah is reachable from JNPA (Nhava Sheva) and Mundra by direct mainline services on the principal AMEA (Asia-Middle-East-Africa) loops operated by MSC, Maersk, CMA CGM, ONE, and Hapag-Lloyd, with typical transit times of 8 to 12 days. Indian commodity flows into Saudi Arabia — basmati rice, buffalo meat, fresh fruit and vegetables, tea, marine products, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, and engineering goods — concentrate heavily on the Jeddah-Riyadh axis, with Jeddah handling the import leg and onward distribution by road or (increasingly) rail. Indian construction-equipment exports for Vision 2030 megaproject use route through Jeddah for onward truck movement to NEOM and AMAALA sites. Letter of credit processing through the major Saudi banks is standard and predictable; the India-GCC commercial ecosystem (large Indian expat workforce in Jeddah; substantial Indian-promoter-owned trading houses) reduces friction further. The 2022 India-GCC framework discussions and the ongoing negotiation of an India-GCC FTA, if and when concluded, will materially shift tariff treatment on the inbound side.
Laem Chabang	Thailand's principal container port, located 130 kilometres southeast of Bangkok on the Eastern Seaboard, and the gateway for Thailand's automotive, electronics and food export industries.	For Indian exporters, Laem Chabang is the principal Thai destination. Direct services from JNPA, Mundra and Chennai run weekly with transit times typically 7-12 days. India-Thailand trade is supported by the ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement and the Bangkok Agreement (now Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement). Indian exports to Thailand include vehicles and parts, organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, iron and steel, and engineering products.
Long Beach	Adjacent partner of the Port of Los Angeles, completing the San Pedro Bay container complex and operating the Pier T and Middle Harbor terminals among the most automated in the United States.	Indian exporters routing to Long Beach see substantially the same service profile as Los Angeles. Transit times, freight rates, and inland onward connections are essentially equivalent. Choice between LA and Long Beach is usually driven by carrier-specific terminal allocation rather than shipper preference.
Los Angeles	The largest container port in the United States and the principal Pacific gateway for trans-Pacific trade between Asia and the US.	For Indian exporters, LA is the principal US West Coast entry point. Most India-USA trade routes via Singapore or East Asian transhipment hubs onto Pacific mainline vessels; transit time from JNPA to LA is typically 35-45 days via transhipment, or 28-35 days via the increasingly available direct India-USA West Coast services from major lines. Indian exporters of textiles, pharmaceuticals, IT hardware, automotive components and processed foods are the principal users. The US is India's largest export market and LA is the largest single port of entry for India-origin goods on the West Coast.
Mombasa	East Africa's principal deepwater port and the gateway to the Indian Ocean for landlocked Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, South Sudan and eastern DRC, anchoring the Northern Corridor logistics axis through Kenya.	For Indian exporters, Mombasa is reachable from JNPA and Mundra via direct services on the principal MSC, Maersk, CMA CGM and PIL East Africa rotations, with typical transit times of 14 to 18 days. Indian flows are substantial and growing — Kenya is one of India's significant African trade partners (and the African market is structurally one of India's priority growth markets under the broader India-Africa Forum Summit framework). Indian goods flowing through Mombasa include pharmaceuticals (Kenyan generic-pharma market is overwhelmingly Indian-sourced), engineering goods, two-wheelers (Bajaj, Hero, TVS all have substantial Kenyan and broader East African market shares), agricultural inputs, textiles, and consumer goods. The Indian diaspora in Kenya is large and historically influential in Kenyan trading houses, which reduces commercial-relationship friction substantially. Letter of credit handling through Kenyan banks operates in USD with standard timelines; documentary practice is well-developed. Indian-Kenyan bilateral trade has been the subject of repeated bilateral discussions including the India-EAC framework dialogue. Indian exporters considering Kenya as a launch market for broader East African expansion should be aware that the EAC customs union allows duty-free movement to Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, South Sudan and Tanzania once goods are cleared into Kenya, which has produced a "regional warehouse in Kenya" pattern for many Indian-promoter East African operations.
Mundra Adani	India's largest commercial port by total cargo handled, located on the Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat, and the principal hub for Adani Ports and SEZ Limited.	For Indian exporters and importers, Mundra is the alternative or complement to JNPA for Western and Northern India. Many shippers split their volume between JNPA and Mundra to diversify carrier choice and reduce exposure to congestion at any single port. Mundra's deep draft, larger container terminal capacity and proximity to the petrochemical and refinery complexes of Gujarat make it especially attractive for chemicals, refined products, and bulk cargo movement. Adani-operated logistics services provide door-to-door integration with Indian inland points, reducing the coordination burden on shippers.
Piraeus	Greece's principal port and the Eastern Mediterranean's largest container hub, transformed since the early 2010s by a major COSCO-led concession.	For Indian exporters, Piraeus is a useful Eastern Mediterranean entry point, especially for cargo bound for Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and the Balkans. Direct or transhipment services from JNPA and Mundra reach Piraeus typically 18-26 days.
Rotterdam	Europe's largest port, the principal gateway for goods entering and leaving the European Union via the North Sea, and the deepest seaport on the European mainland.	For Indian exporters, Rotterdam is the principal Northern European entry point. Direct services from JNPA, Mundra and Chennai run weekly with transit times typically 22-28 days. Many Indian exporters of textiles, leather goods, engineering products and pharmaceuticals consign to Rotterdam for onward EU distribution because of the port's superior inland connectivity to Germany, the Benelux and northern France. The India-EU trade negotiations are ongoing; under current arrangements, Indian goods enter the EU under MFN tariffs with selective preferences under GSP for some product categories. Rotterdam's bonded warehouse network and efficient EU customs processing make it attractive for Indian exporters running just-in-time delivery to European OEM customers.
Santos	Latin America's largest container port and the principal sea gateway for Brazilian commodity exports including soybeans, sugar, iron ore and processed food.	For Indian exporters, Santos is reachable via direct or transhipment services typically 28-40 days from JNPA. India-Brazil trade is supported by the India-Mercosur Preferential Trade Agreement, which provides margin-of-preference treatment for a defined list of goods. Major Indian exports to Brazil include pharmaceuticals, organic chemicals, vehicles and parts, and engineering products. Major Indian imports from Brazil through Santos include soybean oil, sugar, copper ore and cotton.
Shanghai	The world's largest container port by throughput, anchoring the Yangtze River Delta and serving as the principal gateway for Chinese manufacturing exports.	For Indian exporters, Shanghai is reachable by direct mainline service from JNPA (Nhava Sheva) on the major east-west loops operated by MSC, Maersk, CMA CGM, ONE and Cosco, with typical transit times of 18-24 days. Cargo originating from Indian inland container depots can also route via Colombo or Singapore as transhipment hubs at slightly lower freight cost but longer transit. Indian importers of Chinese electronics, machinery and intermediate goods will see most of their inbound consolidated at Yangshan or Waigaoqiao before mainline departure. Letter of credit processing through major Chinese banks (Bank of China, ICBC, China Construction Bank) is standard; document timelines are predictable.
Shenzhen	China's principal southern gateway and the world's third-largest container port by throughput, serving the Pearl River Delta manufacturing belt.	For Indian exporters, Shenzhen is the principal South China destination. Direct services from JNPA and Mundra run weekly with transit times typically 15-21 days. Indian exports passing through Shenzhen include cotton yarn, organic chemicals, plastics, leather goods and processed foods bound for Pearl River Delta manufacturers. Indian imports through Shenzhen include consumer electronics, machinery, plastics and finished textiles.
Singapore	The world's busiest transhipment hub, handling roughly one-fifth of global container transhipment volume from a strategic position at the southern entrance to the Malacca Strait.	For Indian shippers, Singapore is the most-used transhipment hub. JNPA-Singapore-onwards routings reach virtually every major Asian, Australasian and US West Coast port. Direct India-Singapore services run weekly; transit time is 5-9 days from JNPA. Many Indian exporters use Singapore for break-bulk consolidation before reshipment to smaller Southeast Asian destinations where direct mainline calls are uneconomic. Singapore-based banks (DBS, OCBC, UOB) and global banks with Singapore branches handle a substantial share of letter of credit and trade finance volume for India-Southeast Asia trade. The India-Singapore Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) provides preferential tariff treatment for qualifying goods.
Tangier Med	Morocco's flagship deepwater port at the western entrance to the Mediterranean, the largest port in Africa by container throughput, anchoring Morocco's positioning as a North African manufacturing and logistics platform.	For Indian exporters, Tangier-Med is reachable via the principal Asia-Europe and Asia-Africa loops with transit times of 18 to 24 days from JNPA depending on routing and call patterns. Indian flows that route through or transhipment at Tangier-Med include automotive components for the Renault and Stellantis plants (Indian-promoter component suppliers including Motherson Sumi, Bharat Forge subsidiaries, and Sona Comstar maintain Moroccan operations), pharmaceutical inputs for the Moroccan generics industry (Indian APIs are a substantial input to Moroccan generic pharmaceutical production), engineering goods, and consumer-grade textiles and footwear feeding Moroccan or onward European markets. The India-Morocco bilateral trade relationship has grown progressively over the 2015-2025 period, with substantial Indian-promoter investment in Moroccan automotive and electrical industries; the relationship is supported by an India-Morocco Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement under negotiation as of 2026. Letter of credit handling through major Moroccan banks operates in EUR or USD; documentation is bilingual French/Arabic with English usage common in commercial circles.

Ports directory 592 rows

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