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Catachresis

Research

The misuse or strained extension of a word or metaphor; in rhetoric, a figure applying a term to something it does not literally fit (e.g., "the legs of a table"); in critical theory, a misnaming that exposes what language alone cannot say.

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Sources

  1. Merriam-Webster — catachresis merriam-webster.com accessed 17 September 2026

Merriam-Webster gives two senses: “use of the wrong word for the context”, and “use of a forced and especially paradoxical figure of speech (such as blind mouths)”. The word comes through Latin from Greek katachrēsis, “misuse”, from katachrēsthai, to use up or misuse, and is first recorded in English in 1550. The two senses pull in opposite directions — one is an error, the other a deliberate effect — and which is meant depends entirely on whether the writer appears to be in control of it.

Merriam-Webster is cited here as the dictionary of record. Where a lexicon entry defines a word rather than a position, a dictionary is the primary source for it — there is no other body with standing over what a word means. The reading of how the term is used in research writing, above, is this lexicon’s own.

Related terms

Rewritten from a truncated AJG archive entry, August 2026.

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